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When General American Life Insurance Co. commissioned acclaimed architect Philip Johnson to design its downtown St. Louis headquarters in the mid-1970s, the firm sought to create something striking to bolster what was then a barren area along the south side of Market Street.

Many architectural aficionados say Johnson delivered.

In essence, he designed a three-story dark-glass box that was just under 130,000 square feet. But here’s the twist: As if slicing a sandwich, Johnson divided the building diagonally, then perched half of it on columns.

"What he did, very creatively, was take a building, cut it on the diagonal and lift one part of the triangle," said H. Edwin Trusheim, General American’s chairman who retired 18 years ago. "You’ve now created a six-story building out of a three-story building."

General American moved to a location in south St. Louis County in 2004. Since then, the building has sat vacant, but a revival of sorts is in the works.

Centaur Properties of New York, which bought the building in 2005 for $6.1 million, says it will spend as much as $10 million in 2010 to spruce up the building to lure potential tenants and restore its historic appeal.

The building’s exterior glass remains in good shape, but the heating and cooling systems will be replaced. The rest of the rehab budget will go toward specific tenants’ needs, said Mike Donovan, a principal at Balke Brown Associates of St. Louis, which is marketing the building for sale or lease. Its $21 per-square-foot rent is at the upper end of the downtown office market.

By itself, a multimillion-dollar refurbishment won’t eliminate the General American building’s competition for tenants downtown, where the overall vacancy rate remains at about 20 percent. Finding the right fit among potential tenants hasn’t been easy, said Kevin Farrell, director of economic and housing development with the Partnership for Downtown St. Louis.

He pointed out that two law firms considered moving into the building since General American moved out.

While the building’s architect is noteworthy, Farrell said prospective tenants will be enticed by the building’s views of Citygarden, the Old Courthouse, Busch Stadium and the Arch.

"It’s a building with a lot of interesting attributes," Farrell said. "You need to find somebody who falls in love with it."

Johnson helped launch the Modernist movement of glass skyscrapers in the 1950s easy online payday loans. In New York, he had a hand in Mies van der Rohe’s Seagram building, the epitome of the sleek corporate headquarters. The Pritzker prize, architecture’s version of the Oscar, was established in 1979. Johnson was the first recipient.

His Modernist towers in the 1980s included the Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co. building in Pittsburgh and the Transco Tower in Houston. He also helped start a Post-Modernist phase of architecture with his AT&T building in New York.

Above the AT&T’s Modernist facade is an enormous pediment resembling the top of a Chippendale desk. Johnson was 98 when he died in 2005.

Even compared to such high-profile projects, the General American building ranks high in the Johnson portfolio, said John Berendzen, a partner at Fox Architects in St. Louis. "It’s a very clean Modernist building," said Berendzen, who years ago designed some interior remodeling there.

"It’s a very simple, yet very complex structure."

It was General American’s vice president, Stanley Richman, who should be credited for bringing Johnson to St. Louis, Trusheim said. Richman, who died in 1985, was a "Renaissance man" of many interests, including architecture.

"Stan searched out architects and, at that time, Philip Johnson was one of the leading architects in the United States," Trusheim said during a recent phone interview from his home in Minneapolis.

For now, however, the building remains empty.

Though intended for a single tenant, the "tremendous amount of public-type space" could allow for retrofitting the structure for several occupants, Berendzen said.

Law firm Blackwell Sanders nearly relocated to the General American building from the Laclede Gas building in 2006. The deal fell through at the last minute. Blackwell merged last year with Husch & Eppenberger and consolidated this year in Clayton. Bob Tomaso, a Husch Blackwell partner involved in the General American negotiation for Blackwell Sanders, wouldn’t explain why the firm passed. Still, he said he admires the building.

"It’s a shame it has sat empty for so long."

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